Knee replacement surgery has advanced significantly, offering patients faster recovery times and improved function. One of the most innovative techniques is the quadriceps-sparing (subvastus) approach, designed to reduce muscle trauma and speed rehabilitation. Let’s explore how the approach works, its benefits, and whether it might be the right option for you.
Understanding the Quadriceps-Sparing (Subvastus) Approach
Traditional knee replacement often involves cutting into or splitting the quadriceps tendon to access the joint. The quadriceps-sparing technique avoids this by working through the subvastus muscle pathway beneath the quadriceps. This minimizes disruption to the extensor mechanism of the knee, which plays a vital role in walking, climbing stairs, and overall leg strength.
How the Procedure Works
During the surgery, the quadriceps muscle is carefully retracted rather than cutting it. The approach provides enough visibility to remove damaged cartilage, reshape bone surfaces, and place the knee implant accurately, especially when combined with advanced robotic-assisted technology. Robotic systems enhance precision, helping align the components for long-term implant success.
Benefits for Patients
Because the quadriceps tendon remains intact, patients often experience:
- Less post-operative pain
- Faster return of muscle function
- Reduced need for extensive rehabilitation
- Earlier ability to walk without assistance
Clinical studies suggest this approach may result in shorter hospital stays and a quicker return to normal activities compared to traditional techniques.1
Ideal Candidates
The quadriceps-sparing approach is not for everyone. It’s typically best suited for patients with less severe knee deformities and those who have good muscle tone and flexibility prior to surgery. Factors such as joint alignment, bone quality, and overall health will be taken into consideration before recommending the procedure.
Role of Robotic-Assisted Surgery
When performed with robotic guidance, the quadriceps-sparing approach gains even greater precision. The robotic system creates a 3D model of your knee, allowing for individualized surgical planning and fine-tuned adjustments during the operation. This combination aims to maximize implant longevity and function.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
While recovery is generally faster, rehabilitation is still essential. Patients will work with physical therapists to regain full strength, balance, and range of motion. Many can resume light activities within weeks, though complete recovery varies.
If knee arthritis is limiting your mobility and you’re considering surgery that minimizes muscle trauma, the quadriceps-sparing approach may be worth exploring. Schedule a consultation with Dr. Palmer to see if you’re a candidate.
AUTHOR: Dr. Christopher W. Palmer, DO, is a board-certified, fellowship-trained Orthopaedic Surgeon at Signature Medical Group in Missouri, specializing in robotic-assisted hip and knee replacement. Dr. Palmer has specialized training in the Mako SmartRobotics ™ System with a focus on compassionate, individualized patient care.
Reference:
1. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6425686/
